ESCI
441/541: GIS & ENVIRONMENTAL MODELING
WINTER
QUARTER, 2005
Instructor: Dr. David Wallin; Office: ES 435; Phone: 650-7526; e-mail: wallin@cc.wwu.edu
Optional Text: GIS
and Environmental Modeling by K.C. Clarke, B.O. Parks and M.P. Crane (copy
on reserve in the Main Library), Plus Selected Readings from the Primary
Literature on reserve in a folder in the Huxley College Library.
Lecture F
Discussion Section (Graduate Students only) W
Number of Credits: 3; CRN 13750 (ENVR 441), CRN 13751 (ENVR 541)
Office Hours: MW
Teaching Assistant: Adam Wells; ES430; email: adamwells26@hotmail.com
Office Hours for the Teaching Assistant: MW 2:00-3:00 and by appointment
Grades: 1. Lab Reports, 60%
(Graduate Students 40%)
2. Class Participation 5%
3. Projects: Undergraduates 35%; Graduate Students 55%.
(Click here for more information about these
student projects)
Late Assignments: grades reduced by 5%/day if turned in late without a valid excuse (illness, family crisis, etc.)
Grading: A =93; A- 90-92; B+ 88-89; B 83-87; B- 80-82; C+ 78-79; C
73-77; C- 70-72; D+ 68-69; D 63-67 D- 60-62; F 0-59
Prerequisite: one statistics class at the 300 level or above AND one
class in ecology or natural resources management AND one GIS class.
OBJECTIVES: This is a projects-oriented course that is intended to
explore the use of a variety of modeling approaches to address applied problems
in ecology and natural resources management. Students will be will gain
experience with a variety of stochastic and deterministic simulation models and
statistical models that are based on a variety of multivariate techniques. Geographical
Information Systems are used for the development of input for these models and
for the display and analysis of model output. A solid background in statistics
and GIS is REQUIRED for this course. Each student will be required to complete
an original project that is developed in consultation with the instructor. The
results of this project will be presented as a web page.
REQUIRED LAB MATERIAL: Iomega Zip disks. These are magnetic disks that
are used for storing computer files. They are a slightly different physical
size than the 3.5" diskettes you are probably familiar with. Standard
3.5" diskettes have a storage capacity of about 1.4 Mbytes. Zip diskettes
have a storage capacity of 250 Mbytes.
The image files we will be working with are huge and it is not practical
to use standard 3.5" diskettes. Zip disks are available in the bookstore
and in a variety of other computer stores in town (Northwest Computer Supply or
Costco). Expect to pay about $10-12 each. The last time I checked, Costco had
the best price, but only if you buy a 10-pack for about $99. You will need at
least one or two disk, possibly more.
LAB REPORTS: Each student will be required to complete four-six short
(about 3-4 page) lab summaries. Some of the lab exercises may take more than a single
week to complete. Most labs will require some work on your own in the lab
outside our regularly scheduled lab periods. See the Spatial Analysis Lab schedule
to find open time slots. (Click here
for Guidelines on the preparation of Lab Summaries)
TENTATIVE SCHEDULE:
This schedule will be revised and updated from time to time as the term
progresses. You should check this web page periodically for updates. This page
was last updated on
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LECTURE TOPIC |
See Reference List below for full citations
and possible online links |
LAB
EXERCISE |
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Week 1: |
Course Overview A review of models |
King and Kraemer 1993 Lubchenco 1998 |
No Lab this week. |
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Week 2: |
Describing Landscape Patterns Project topic selection complete by 1/14 ; Click here for details of what I expect at this point |
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Introduction to Landscape Metrics; "Indices of
Landscape Pattern" by D. Urban, Duke Univ. ( CLICK ON THIS LINK TO SAVE EXCEL FILE CONTAINING DATA TO YOUR MACHINE) |
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Week 3: |
Analysis of the Rates and Patterns of Landscape Change Introduction to Simulation Models: Deterministic Models of Landscape Change |
Wallin et al. 1994, Wallin et al. 1996b, Spies et al. 1994 Cushman and Wallin 2000 |
Landscape pattern change under shifting
management regimes; The CASCADE Model (See McGarigal and Marks 1995 below for link to an online FRAGSTATS manual) |
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Week 4: |
Project outlines due by 1/28; Click here for details of what I expect at this point; this is worth 5% of your final grade |
Hansen et al. 1993 |
Rule-based models of animal habitat. |
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Week 5: |
Markov Models: Statistical Models of Landscape Change |
Reading 1: Simple models of landscape change Reading 2: Extending models of landscape change Paper copies are also available in the Huxley library. |
Prediction of
landscape change with a first-order Markov Model (After clicking on
the link above, see the “lab instructions in PDF form.” We will follow these instructions but also
see my supplement to Dean Urban's instructions
for a few additions.) |
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Week 6: |
(Data layer development completed by 2/11; Click here for details of what I expect at this point; this is worth 5% of your final grade |
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Week 7: |
Multivariate Classification: Application of Statistical Models to Map Potential Wildlife Habitat |
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Week 8: |
(Draft of project is due 2/25; Click here for details of what I expect; this is worth 5% of your final grade |
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The PATCH Model (lab under development) |
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Week 9: |
Modeling Ecosystem Processes |
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The LANDCARB Model (Wallin et al. 1996a) (lab under development) |
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Week 10: |
GIS Overlays: GAP Analysis (Final projects due the last day of classes) |
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(lab under development) |
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Finals week March 14-18 |
No Final |
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Selected References (check for updates):
Cohen, W.B., D.O. Wallin, M.E. Harmon and M. Fiorella. 1996. Estimated carbon
flux between 1972 and 1991 from forests of the pacific northwest region of the
Cohen, W.B., T.A. Spies, F.J. Swanson and D.O. Wallin. 1995. Land cover
on the western slopes of the central
Hansen, A.J., S.L. Garman, B. Marks and D.L. Urban. 1993. An approach for
managing vertebrate diversity across multiple-use landscapes. Ecological
Applications 3:481-496. (Available online through Jstors. Click
here to view the article Note: If this link doesn't work, go the libraries
online resources and look up the article in Jstors.)
King, J.L. and K.L. Kraemer. 1993.
Models, facts and the policy process: the political ecology of estimated
truth. Pages 353-360 In: Goodchild, M.F.,
Lubchenco, J. 1998. Entering the
century of the environment: a new social contract for science. Science
279:491-497. (available in the notebook in the Huxley Library and available for
free online through Proquest) (Click
here to view and print this document through Proquest) This link fixed 1/5;
McGarigal, K., and Marks, B.J., 1995. FRAGSTATS: Spatial pattern analysis
program for quantifying landscape structure. Pacific Northwest Research
Station, U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, General Technical
Report, PNW-GTR-351, Portland, Oregon. 123 pages. (Click
here for an online version of this document) NOTE: This document is
rather long! (100+ pages!) Please think carefully before you choose to print it
out!
(Click here for
information on how to obtain FRAGSTATS version 2.0 (FREE) or FRAGSTATS version
2.03 (commercial))
McGarigal, K. and W.C. McComb. 1995. Relationships between landscape
structure and breeding birds in the
McKelvey, K., B.R. Noon and R.H. Lamberson. 1993. Conservation planning
for species occupying fragmented landscape: the case of the northern spotted
owl. Pages 424-450 In: P.M. Kareiva, J.G. Kingsolver and R.B. Huey (editors).
Biotic interations and global change. Sinauer,
Schumaker, N. 1998. Online
Users guide to the Program to Assist Tracking Critical Habitat. (The
PATCH Model). Environmental Protection Agency,
Spies, T.A., W.J. Ripple and G.A. Bradshaw. 1994. Dynamics
and pattern of a managed coniferous forest landscape in Oregon. Ecological
Applications 4(3):555-568.
Wallin, D.O.,
Wallin, D.O., F.J. Swanson, B. Marks, J. Kertis and J. Cissel. 1996b. Comparison of managed and pre-settlement landscape
dynamics in forests of the Pacific Northwest, U.S.A..
Wallin, D.O., F.J. Swanson and B. Marks. 1994. Landscape
pattern response to changes in the pattern-generation rules: land-use legacies
in forestry. Ecological Applications 4(3):569-580.
Zheng, D., D.O. Wallin and Z. Hao. 1997. Use
of remote sensing to detect rates and patterns of landscape change in the
Changbai Mountain area of China and Korea: 1972-1988. Landscape
Ecology 12(4): 241-254.
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